Recipe Rich Results

Recipe structured data produces the richest Google cards of any content type: cook time, servings, ingredients preview, nutrition, star ratings, and a video thumbnail — all displayed before the user even clicks.

Table of contents

1. Required Fields
2. Recommended Fields
3. ISO 8601 Duration Quick Reference
4. Full Recipe Example
5. Grouped Instructions (HowToSection)
6. Recipe with Video
7. Recipe Carousel
8. Common Mistakes

---

Required Fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string	Recipe title
image	string \| string[]	Required by Google; multiple angles recommended

Recommended Fields

Field	Type	Notes
author	Person \| Organization	Recipe author
datePublished	string	Publication date
description	string	Brief recipe description
prepTime	string	ISO 8601 duration (e.g. "PT15M")
cookTime	string	ISO 8601 duration
totalTime	string	ISO 8601 duration
recipeYield	string	Servings, e.g. "4 servings"
recipeCategory	string	Breakfast, Dessert, etc.
recipeCuisine	string	Italian, Mexican, etc.
recipeIngredient	string[]	Full ingredient list
recipeInstructions	HowToStep[] \| HowToSection[]	Step-by-step instructions
nutrition	NutritionInformation	Calories, macros
aggregateRating	AggregateRating	Community ratings
video	VideoObject	Recipe video
keywords	string	Comma-separated keywords

---

ISO 8601 Duration Quick Reference

Duration	Value
15 minutes	"PT15M"
1 hour	"PT1H"
1 hour 30 min	"PT1H30M"
2 days	"P2D"
1 hour 15 min	"PT1H15M"

---

Full Recipe Example

import { createRecipe } from 'schemaorg-kit';

const recipe = createRecipe({
  name: 'Classic Tiramisu',
  description: 'The definitive Italian tiramisu with mascarpone cream, espresso-soaked ladyfingers, and a dusting of cocoa.',
  image: [
    'https://example.com/recipes/tiramisu-1200x900.jpg',
    'https://example.com/recipes/tiramisu-square.jpg',
  ],
  author: { '@type': 'Person', name: 'Giulia Rossi' },
  datePublished: '2025-01-20',
  prepTime: 'PT30M',
  cookTime: 'PT0M',       // no cooking needed
  totalTime: 'PT4H30M',   // includes 4h chilling
  recipeYield: '8 servings',
  recipeCategory: 'Dessert',
  recipeCuisine: 'Italian',
  keywords: 'tiramisu, italian dessert, mascarpone, no-bake',
  recipeIngredient: [
    '6 egg yolks',
    '¾ cup (150g) granulated sugar',
    '1 lb (450g) mascarpone cheese, softened',
    '1½ cups (360ml) heavy whipping cream',
    '2 cups (480ml) strong brewed espresso, cooled',
    '2 tablespoons rum or coffee liqueur (optional)',
    '24–30 ladyfinger biscuits (Savoiardi)',
    'Unsweetened cocoa powder for dusting',
  ],
  recipeInstructions: [
    {
      '@type': 'HowToStep',
      name: 'Whip the egg yolks',
      text: 'Beat egg yolks and sugar in a bowl set over simmering water until thick and pale yellow, about 5 minutes.',
      url: 'https://example.com/recipes/tiramisu#step-1',
    },
    {
      '@type': 'HowToStep',
      name: 'Add mascarpone',
      text: 'Remove from heat. Stir in softened mascarpone until smooth.',
      url: 'https://example.com/recipes/tiramisu#step-2',
    },
    {
      '@type': 'HowToStep',
      name: 'Whip cream',
      text: 'In a separate bowl, whip heavy cream to stiff peaks. Fold into mascarpone mixture.',
      url: 'https://example.com/recipes/tiramisu#step-3',
    },
    {
      '@type': 'HowToStep',
      name: 'Assemble',
      text: 'Dip each ladyfinger briefly in espresso mixture. Arrange in a single layer in a 9×13 inch dish. Spread half the cream mixture on top. Repeat layers.',
      url: 'https://example.com/recipes/tiramisu#step-4',
    },
    {
      '@type': 'HowToStep',
      name: 'Chill and serve',
      text: 'Refrigerate at least 4 hours or overnight. Dust with cocoa powder before serving.',
      url: 'https://example.com/recipes/tiramisu#step-5',
    },
  ],
  nutrition: {
    '@type': 'NutritionInformation',
    calories: '420 calories',
    carbohydrateContent: '38g',
    fatContent: '28g',
    proteinContent: '7g',
    sugarContent: '24g',
  },
  aggregateRating: {
    '@type': 'AggregateRating',
    ratingValue: 4.9,
    ratingCount: 3820,
    bestRating: 5,
  },
});

---

Grouped Instructions (HowToSection)

For complex recipes with distinct phases:

import { createRecipe } from 'schemaorg-kit';

const bread = createRecipe({
  name: 'Sourdough Bread',
  image: 'https://example.com/sourdough.jpg',
  recipeInstructions: [
    {
      '@type': 'HowToSection',
      name: 'Autolyse',
      itemListElement: [
        { '@type': 'HowToStep', text: 'Mix flour and water. Rest 1 hour.' },
        { '@type': 'HowToStep', text: 'Add starter and salt. Mix thoroughly.' },
      ],
    },
    {
      '@type': 'HowToSection',
      name: 'Bulk Fermentation',
      itemListElement: [
        { '@type': 'HowToStep', text: 'Perform 4 sets of stretch-and-folds over 2 hours.' },
        { '@type': 'HowToStep', text: 'Let dough bulk-ferment at 78°F for 4–5 hours until 50% risen.' },
      ],
    },
    {
      '@type': 'HowToSection',
      name: 'Bake',
      itemListElement: [
        { '@type': 'HowToStep', text: 'Preheat Dutch oven at 500°F for 1 hour.' },
        { '@type': 'HowToStep', text: 'Score dough. Bake covered 20 min, then uncovered 25 min.' },
      ],
    },
  ],
});

---

Recipe with Video

import { createRecipe } from 'schemaorg-kit';

const recipe = createRecipe({
  name: 'Banana Bread',
  image: 'https://example.com/banana-bread.jpg',
  video: {
    '@type': 'VideoObject',
    name: 'How to Make Banana Bread',
    description: 'Step-by-step banana bread recipe video.',
    thumbnailUrl: 'https://example.com/videos/banana-bread-thumb.jpg',
    contentUrl: 'https://example.com/videos/banana-bread.mp4',
    embedUrl: 'https://www.youtube.com/embed/abc123',
    uploadDate: '2025-01-15',
    duration: 'PT8M30S',
  },
});

---

Recipe Carousel

Show multiple recipes as a carousel in search results:

import { createCarousel, createRecipe } from 'schemaorg-kit';

const carousel = createCarousel([
  createRecipe({ name: 'Tiramisu',       image: 'https://example.com/tiramisu.jpg', ... }),
  createRecipe({ name: 'Panna Cotta',    image: 'https://example.com/panna-cotta.jpg', ... }),
  createRecipe({ name: 'Cannoli',        image: 'https://example.com/cannoli.jpg', ... }),
]);

---

Common Mistakes

image is required. Recipes without an image won’t be shown as rich results.

Use the PT prefix for durations. "30 minutes" won’t work — it must be "PT30M".

More specific ingredient quantities and step descriptions improve Google’s recipe understanding and may increase recipe appearance in voice search results.