Creative Works

Table of contents

1. CreativeWork — Base Type
2. createArticle / createNewsArticle / createBlogPosting
   1. Article-specific fields
   2. Minimum for Google rich result
3. createWebPage
   1. Fields (additional to CreativeWork)
   2. Example
4. createWebSite
   1. Fields
   2. Example
5. createDataset
   1. Fields
6. createRecipe
   1. Fields
   2. NutritionInformation fields
7. createCourse
   1. Fields
   2. CourseInstance (for hasCourseInstance)
8. createSoftwareApplication / createMobileApplication / createWebApplication
   1. Fields
   2. ApplicationCategory values
9. createVideoObject
   1. Fields
   2. ClipSchema — Key Moments
   3. BroadcastEventSchema — Livestream
   4. SeekToActionSchema — Key Moments
10. createBook
    1. BookSchema fields
    2. BookEditionSchema fields
    3. ReadActionSchema
    4. BorrowActionSchema
    5. Full Example
11. createMathSolver
    1. Fields
12. createClaimReview
    1. ClaimReviewSchema fields
    2. ClaimSchema fields
    3. Example

---

CreativeWork — Base Type

All creative work types share these base fields (inherited from ThingSchema + CreativeWorkSchema):

Field	Type	Notes
author	string \| Person \| Organization?	Content author
publisher	string \| Person \| Organization?	Publisher
datePublished	string?	ISO 8601 publication date
dateModified	string?	ISO 8601 last-modified date
headline	string? (max 110 chars)	Article headline
keywords	string \| string[]?	Topics
inLanguage	string \| Language?	BCP 47, e.g. "en-US"
license	string? (URL)	Content license
thumbnailUrl	string? (URL)	Thumbnail image
isAccessibleForFree	boolean?	For paywalled content
image	string \| ImageObject \| []?	Representative image(s)
hasPart	object[]?	Sub-parts (for paywalls)
isPartOf	object?	Parent work
text	string?	Full text content
abstract	string?	Summary
encodingFormat	string?	MIME type
contentUrl	string?	Direct URL to content
copyrightYear	number?	Copyright year
copyrightHolder	Person \| Organization?	Copyright holder

---

createArticle / createNewsArticle / createBlogPosting

import { createArticle, createNewsArticle, createBlogPosting } from 'schemaorg-kit';

Factory	@type	Google Rich Result
createArticle	"Article"	Top Stories, general article
createNewsArticle	"NewsArticle"	Top Stories, AMP
createBlogPosting	"BlogPosting"	General article

Article-specific fields

Field	Type	Notes
articleBody	string?	Full article text
articleSection	string?	Section/category
wordCount	number?	Word count (non-negative integer)
image	string \| ImageObject \| []?	Google requires ≥1 image, ≥1200px wide
video	VideoObject \| VideoObject[]?	Embedded video
speakable	SpeakableSpecification?	For Google Assistant

Minimum for Google rich result

createArticle({
  headline: 'Article Title',           // required (max 110 chars)
  image: 'https://example.com/img.jpg', // required (≥1200px wide)
  datePublished: '2025-01-01',          // required
  author: { '@type': 'Person', name: 'Alice' }, // required
});

---

createWebPage

import { createWebPage } from 'schemaorg-kit';

Represents an individual web page. Useful in @graph alongside Article, Organization, etc.

Fields (additional to CreativeWork)

Field	Type	Notes
url	string?	Page URL
name	string?	Page title
breadcrumb	BreadcrumbList?	Page breadcrumb
reviewedBy	Person \| Organization?	Medical/legal review
lastReviewed	string?	ISO 8601 review date
speakable	SpeakableSpecification?	For Google Assistant
significantLink	string \| string[]?	Important outgoing links
primaryImageOfPage	ImageObject?	Primary image
relatedLink	string \| string[]?	Related links

Example

const page = createWebPage({
  '@id': 'https://example.com/about#webpage',
  name: 'About Us — Acme',
  url: 'https://example.com/about',
  description: 'Learn about Acme Corporation.',
  datePublished: '2024-01-01',
  dateModified: '2025-03-15',
  inLanguage: 'en-US',
  isPartOf: { '@id': 'https://example.com/#website' },
  breadcrumb: {
    '@type': 'BreadcrumbList',
    itemListElement: [
      { '@type': 'ListItem', position: 1, name: 'Home', item: 'https://example.com' },
      { '@type': 'ListItem', position: 2, name: 'About' },
    ],
  },
});

---

createWebSite

import { createWebSite } from 'schemaorg-kit';

Represents the entire website. Used for knowledge panel signals.

potentialAction (SearchAction) was deprecated by Google in November 2024. The Sitelinks Searchbox no longer appears in search results. The field is harmless to include but has no effect. See Google’s announcement.

Fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string?	Site name
url	string?	Homepage URL
inLanguage	string \| string[]?	Site language(s)
publisher	Person \| Organization?	Site owner
potentialAction	SearchAction?	Sitelinks searchbox — deprecated Nov 2024
copyrightYear	number?	Copyright year

Example

const site = createWebSite({
  '@id': 'https://acme.com/#website',
  name: 'Acme Corporation',
  url: 'https://acme.com',
  inLanguage: 'en-US',
  publisher: { '@id': 'https://acme.com/#organization' },
});

---

createDataset

import { createDataset, PropertyValueSchema } from 'schemaorg-kit';

For Google Dataset Search. Required: name, description.

Fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string	Required — dataset name
description	string?	What the data contains
url	string?	Landing page URL
identifier	string?	DOI or other persistent ID
license	string?	License URL
creator	Person \| Organization \| []?	Dataset creator(s)
publisher	Person \| Organization?	Publisher
datePublished	string?	ISO 8601
dateModified	string?	ISO 8601
keywords	string \| string[]?	Subject keywords
variableMeasured	string \| PropertyValue \| []?	Variables in the dataset
measurementTechnique	string?	How data was collected
temporalCoverage	string?	ISO 8601 date/interval
spatialCoverage	Place?	Geographic coverage
distribution	DataDownload \| DataDownload[]?	Downloadable files
hasPart	Dataset[]?	Sub-datasets
isBasedOn	string?	Source dataset URL
citation	string?	How to cite
inLanguage	string?	Language
isAccessibleForFree	boolean?	Open access?

---

createRecipe

import { createRecipe, NutritionInformationSchema } from 'schemaorg-kit';

Google required: name, image. Enables the Recipe rich result with ratings, nutrition, and cooking time.

Fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string	Required
image	string \| ImageObject \| []	Required — multiple aspect ratios recommended
author	Person \| Organization \| []?	Recipe author
datePublished	string?	Publication date
description	string?	Short description
prepTime	string?	ISO 8601 duration, e.g. "PT15M"
cookTime	string?	ISO 8601 duration
totalTime	string?	ISO 8601 duration
recipeYield	string \| number \| string[]?	Serving size
recipeCategory	string?	e.g. “Dessert”, “Breakfast”
recipeCuisine	string?	e.g. “Italian”, “Mexican”
recipeIngredient	string[]?	List of ingredients
recipeInstructions	(string \| HowToStep \| HowToSection)[]?	Step-by-step instructions
nutrition	NutritionInformation?	Per-serving nutrition data
video	VideoObject \| VideoObject[]?	Cooking video
aggregateRating	AggregateRating?	User ratings
review	Review \| Review[]?	User reviews
keywords	string \| string[]?	Tags
cookingMethod	string?	e.g. “Baking”, “Grilling”
suitableForDiet	string \| string[]?	Schema.org diet enum URLs
estimatedCost	string?	Rough cost

NutritionInformation fields

NutritionInformationSchema.parse({
  calories: '350 calories',
  proteinContent: '12 grams',
  carbohydrateContent: '45 grams',
  fatContent: '8 grams',
  fiberContent: '3 grams',
  sugarContent: '5 grams',
  sodiumContent: '480 milligrams',
  servingSize: '1 cup (240g)',
});

---

createCourse

import { createCourse } from 'schemaorg-kit';

Required: name, description. Eligible for Course rich results.

Fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string	Required
description	string?	Required for rich result
provider	Organization \| Person?	Who offers the course
url	string?	Course landing page
hasCourseInstance	CourseInstance[]?	Specific scheduled instances
image	string \| ImageObject \| []?	Course image
inLanguage	string?	Language
educationalLevel	string?	e.g. “beginner”, “undergraduate”
teaches	string \| string[]?	Skills taught
skillLevel	string?	Skill level
numberOfCredits	number?	Academic credits
occupationalCredentialAwarded	string?	Certificate or degree
educationalCredentialAwarded	string?	Academic credential
about	object \| object[]?	Topics covered
aggregateRating	AggregateRating?	Course rating

CourseInstance (for hasCourseInstance)

{
  '@type': 'CourseInstance',
  courseMode: 'online' | 'onsite' | 'blended',
  startDate: '2025-09-01',  // ISO 8601
  endDate: '2025-12-15',
  location: { '@type': 'Place', name: 'Room 204' },  // for onsite
  instructor: { '@type': 'Person', name: 'Prof. Smith' },
  offers: { '@type': 'Offer', price: 0, priceCurrency: 'USD' },
}

---

createSoftwareApplication / createMobileApplication / createWebApplication

import {
  createSoftwareApplication,
  createMobileApplication,
  createWebApplication,
} from 'schemaorg-kit';

Factory	@type	Platform
createSoftwareApplication	"SoftwareApplication"	Desktop
createMobileApplication	"MobileApplication"	iOS / Android
createWebApplication	"WebApplication"	Browser

Google required: name, offers.price, and either aggregateRating or review.

Fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string?	App name
description	string?	App description
applicationCategory	string?	e.g. "FinanceApplication", "GameApplication"
operatingSystem	string \| string[]?	e.g. ["ANDROID 8.0+", "iOS 14.0+"]
offers	Offer \| Offer[]?	Pricing (free = price: 0)
aggregateRating	AggregateRating?	App store rating
review	Review?	Individual review
screenshot	string \| ImageObject \| []?	App screenshots
softwareVersion	string?	Current version
fileSize	string?	Download size
downloadUrl	string?	Download link
installUrl	string?	Installation URL
countriesSupported	string[]?	Country codes
featureList	string \| string[]?	Feature list
browserRequirements	string?	WebApplication only
isAccessibleForFree	boolean?	Free app?

ApplicationCategory values

"GameApplication", "SocialNetworkingApplication", "TravelApplication", "ShoppingApplication", "SportsApplication", "LifestyleApplication", "BusinessApplication", "DesignApplication", "DeveloperApplication", "DriverApplication", "EducationalApplication", "HealthApplication", "FinanceApplication", "SecurityApplication", "BrowserApplication", "CommunicationApplication", "DesktopEnhancementApplication", "EntertainmentApplication", "MultimediaApplication", "HomeApplication", "UtilitiesApplication", "ReferenceApplication"

---

createVideoObject

import { createVideoObject, ClipSchema, BroadcastEventSchema } from 'schemaorg-kit';

Fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string?	Video title
description	string?	Video description
thumbnailUrl	string \| string[]?	Required for rich result — multiple aspect ratios
uploadDate	string?	Required — ISO 8601
duration	string?	ISO 8601 duration, e.g. "PT1H12M30S"
contentUrl	string?	Direct video file URL
embedUrl	string?	Embed URL (YouTube, Vimeo, etc.)
hasPart	Clip[]?	Key moments (chapters)
isLiveBroadcast	boolean?	Is/was live
publication	BroadcastEvent?	Live broadcast details
potentialAction	SeekToAction \| []?	Key moments via URL template
regionsAllowed	string \| string[]?	ISO 3166-1 country codes
requiresSubscription	boolean?	Paywalled?
interactionStatistic	InteractionCounter?	View count

ClipSchema — Key Moments

ClipSchema.parse({
  name: 'Introduction',
  startOffset: 0,       // seconds from start
  endOffset: 120,       // seconds from start
  url: 'https://example.com/video.mp4#t=0',
})

BroadcastEventSchema — Livestream

BroadcastEventSchema.parse({
  isLiveBroadcast: true,
  startDate: '2025-06-01T09:00:00-07:00',
  endDate:   '2025-06-01T11:00:00-07:00',
})

SeekToActionSchema — Key Moments

Enables timestamp deep-links for videos hosted on your own site (non-YouTube). The target URL template must contain a {seek_to_second_number} placeholder.

import { SeekToActionSchema } from 'schemaorg-kit';

SeekToActionSchema.parse({
  target: 'https://example.com/video?t={seek_to_second_number}',
  // 'startOffset-input' defaults to 'required name=seek_to_second_number'
})

---

createBook

import {
  createBook,
  BookEditionSchema,
  ReadActionSchema,
  BorrowActionSchema,
  BookFormatType,
} from 'schemaorg-kit';

For Google Book Actions (invite-only). Google uses a two-level structure: a work node (the book itself) containing workExample entries (individual editions). Each edition has a potentialAction — either ReadAction (read online) or BorrowAction (borrow from a library).

BookSchema fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string	Required — book title
author	Person \| Organization \| []	Required — author(s)
workExample	BookEdition \| BookEdition[]?	Individual editions (eBook, print, audio…)
isbn	string?	ISBN-13 preferred
description	string?	Book synopsis
image	string \| ImageObject \| []?	Cover image
url	string?	Canonical book page
sameAs	string \| string[]?	WorldCat, Open Library, Wikidata, etc.

BookEditionSchema fields

Field	Type	Notes
bookFormat	BookFormatType?	"EBook", "Hardcover", "Paperback", "AudioBook", "GraphicNovel"
inLanguage	string?	BCP 47 language code
isbn	string?	Edition ISBN
name	string?	Edition-specific title
potentialAction	ReadAction \| BorrowAction \| []?	How to acquire the edition
url	string?	Edition landing page
datePublished	string?	Edition publication date

ReadActionSchema

ReadActionSchema.parse({
  target: 'https://read.example.com/book-slug',   // URL or EntryPoint object
  expectsAcceptanceOf: { '@type': 'Offer', price: 9.99, priceCurrency: 'USD' },
})

BorrowActionSchema

BorrowActionSchema.parse({
  lender: {
    '@type': 'LibrarySystem',
    name: 'City Public Library System',
    '@id': 'https://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/12345',
  },
  target: 'https://catalog.library.example/borrow/isbn/9780132350884',
})

Full Example

import { createBook, BookEditionSchema, ReadActionSchema, BorrowActionSchema } from 'schemaorg-kit';

const book = createBook({
  name: 'Clean Code',
  author: { '@type': 'Person', name: 'Robert C. Martin' },
  isbn: '9780132350884',
  description: 'A handbook of agile software craftsmanship.',
  image: 'https://example.com/covers/clean-code.jpg',
  sameAs: [
    'https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/71196630',
    'https://openlibrary.org/books/OL7353243M',
  ],
  workExample: [
    BookEditionSchema.parse({
      name: 'Clean Code (eBook)',
      bookFormat: 'EBook',
      inLanguage: 'en',
      isbn: '9780136083252',
      potentialAction: ReadActionSchema.parse({
        target: 'https://read.example.com/clean-code',
        expectsAcceptanceOf: { '@type': 'Offer', price: 9.99, priceCurrency: 'USD' },
      }),
    }),
    BookEditionSchema.parse({
      name: 'Clean Code (Hardcover)',
      bookFormat: 'Hardcover',
      inLanguage: 'en',
      isbn: '9780132350884',
      potentialAction: BorrowActionSchema.parse({
        lender: { '@type': 'LibrarySystem', name: 'San Francisco Public Library' },
        target: 'https://sfpl.org/catalog/borrow/clean-code',
      }),
    }),
  ],
});

---

createMathSolver

import { createMathSolver, SolveMathActionSchema } from 'schemaorg-kit';

For Google’s Math Solver rich result. Required: name, potentialAction.

Fields

Field	Type	Notes
name	string	Required — solver name
url	string?	Solver URL
potentialAction	SolveMathAction \| SolveMathAction[]?	Required — solve action
mathExpression	string \| string[]?	Example expressions
educationalLevel	string?	Level (e.g. “high school”)
teaches	string \| string[]?	Topics covered
usageInfo	string?	URL to terms/usage page — Google required
learningResourceType	string?	Defaults to "Math Solver"
assesses	string \| string[]?	Topics the solver assesses

const solver = createMathSolver({
  name: 'Algebra Step Solver',
  potentialAction: {
    '@type': 'SolveMathAction',
    eduQuestionType: 'Algebra',
    target: {
      '@type': 'EntryPoint',
      urlTemplate: 'https://solver.example.com/solve?expr={math_expression_string}',
      actionAccessibilityRequirement: {
        '@type': 'ActionAccessSpecification',
        requiresSubscription: false,
      },
    },
  },
});

---

createClaimReview

import { createClaimReview, ClaimSchema, ClaimReviewSchema } from 'schemaorg-kit';

For Google’s Fact Check rich result. Required: url, claimReviewed, reviewRating.alternateName.

ClaimReviewSchema fields

Field	Type	Notes
url	string	Required — URL of the fact-check article
claimReviewed	string	Required — The text of the claim
reviewRating	Rating	Required — Must include alternateName (e.g. “False”)
author	Person \| Organization?	The fact-checker
itemReviewed	Claim?	The structured Claim object
datePublished	string?	ISO 8601
dateModified	string?	ISO 8601
inLanguage	string?	Language code

ClaimSchema fields

Field	Type	Notes
author	Person \| Organization?	Who made the claim
datePublished	string?	When the claim was made
firstAppearance	string?	URL of first appearance
appearance	string \| string[]?	URL(s) of other appearances

Example

const factCheck = createClaimReview({
  url: 'https://factcheck.example.com/2025/claim-about-climate',
  claimReviewed: 'Global temperatures have not risen since 2010.',
  reviewRating: {
    '@type': 'Rating',
    alternateName: 'False',
    ratingValue: 1,
    bestRating: 5,
    worstRating: 1,
  },
  author: { '@type': 'Organization', name: 'FactCheck.org' },
  datePublished: '2025-06-15',
  itemReviewed: ClaimSchema.parse({
    author: { '@type': 'Person', name: 'Jane Doe' },
    datePublished: '2025-06-10',
    firstAppearance: 'https://blog.example.com/climate-post',
  }),
});